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# Arithmetical Reasoning

1.

12 year old Manick is three times as old as his brother Rahul. How old will Manick be when he is twice as old as Rahul ?

Answer: B

Manick's present age = 12 years, Rahul's present age = 4 years.

Let Manick be twice as old as Rahul after x years from now.

Then, 12 + x = 2 (4 + x)

$$\Rightarrow 12 + x = 8 + 2x$$

$$\Rightarrow x = 4.$$

Hence, Manick's required age = 12 + x = 16 years

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2.

A waiter's salary consists of his salary and tips. During one week his tips were 5/4 of his salary. What fraction of his income came from tips ?

Answer: D

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3.

A girl counted in the following way on the fingers of her left hand : She started by calling the thumb 1, the index finger 2, middle finger 3, ring finger 4, little finger 5 and then reversed direction calling the ring finger 6, middle finger 7 and so on. She counted upto 1994. She ended counting on which finger ?

Answer: B

Clearly, while counting, the numbers associated to the thumb will be : 1, 9,17, 25,.....

i.e. numbers of the form (8n + 1).

Since 1994 = 249 x 8 + 2, so 1993 shall correspond to the thumb and 1994 to the index finger

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4.

The 30 members of a club decided to play a badminton singles tournament. Every time a member loses a game he is out of the tournament. There are no ties. What is the minimum number of matches that must be played to determine the winner ?

Answer: B

Clearly, every member except one (i.e. the winner) must lose one game to decide the winner. Thus, minimum number of matches to be played = 30 - 1 = 29

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5.

If 100 cats kill 100 mice in 100 days, then 4 cats would kill 4 mice in how many days ?

Answer: D

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6.

A father is now three times as old as his son. Five years back, he was four times as old as his son. The age of the son (in years) is

Answer: B

Let son's age be x years. Then, father's age = (3x) years.

Five years ago, father's age = (3x - 5) years and son's age = (x - 5) years.

So, 3x - 5 = 4 (x - 5)

$$\Rightarrow 3x - 5 = 4x - 20$$

$$\Rightarrow x = 15$$

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7.

A pineapple costs Rs. 7 each. A watermelon costs Rs. 5 each. X spends Rs. 38 on these fruits. The number of pineapples purchased is

Answer: C

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8.

A, B, C, D and E play a game of cards. A says to B, "If you give me three cards, you will have as many as E has and if I give you three cards, you will have as many as D has." A and B together have 10 cards more than what D and E together have. If B has two cards more than what C has and the total number of cards be 133, how many cards does B have ?

Answer: C

Clearly, we have :

B-3 = E ...(i)

B + 3 = D ...(ii)

A+B = D + E+10 ...(iii)

B = C + 2 ...(iv)

A+B + C + D + E= 133 ...(v)

From (i) and (ii), we have : 2 B = D + E ...(vi)

From (iii) and (vi), we have : A = B + 10 ...(vii)

Using (iv), (vi) and (vii) in (v), we get:

$$(B + 10) + B + (B - 2) + 2B = 133$$

$$\Rightarrow 5B = 125$$

$$\Rightarrow B = 25$$

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9.

Mac has £ 3 more than Ken, but then Ken wins on the horses and trebles his money, so that he now has £ 2 more than the original amount of money that the two boys had between them. How much money did Mac and Ken have between them before Ken's win ?

Answer: C

Let money with Ken = x. Then, money with Mac = x + £ 3.

Now, 3x = (x + x + £ 3) + £ 2

$$\Rightarrow x = £ 5.$$

Therefore Total money with Mac and Ken = 2x + £ 3 = £ 13

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10.

There are deer and peacocks in a zoo. By counting heads they are 80. The number of their legs is 200. How many peacocks are there ?

Answer: D

Let x and y be the number of deer and peacocks in the zoo respectively. Then,

x + y = 80 ...(i) and

4x + 2y = 200 or 2x + y = 100 ...(ii)

Solving (i) and (ii), we get) x = 20, y = 60

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