Choose the correct alternative from the following.
Assertion (A) : Bangladesh imports jute from India.
Reason (R) : Bangladesh has most of the jute mills.
Answer: C
When Bangladesh was created after partiton of India, the areas of jute production went to Bangladesh while the jute mills were left in India.
So, India imports raw jute from Bangladesh.
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Assertion (A) : The steam engine was invented by James Watt.
Reason (R) : There was a problem of taking out water from flooded mines.
Answer: A
The problem of pumping out water from the flooded mines provided the need of a self working engine,
which led James Watt to invent the same.
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Assertion (A) : Increase in carbon dioxide would melt polar ice.
Reason (R) : Global temperature would rise.
Answer: A
The carbon dioxide envelope in earth's atmosphere traps the heat.
With increase in the proportion of carbon dioxide, therefore, the global temperature would rise, thus causing the polar ice to melt.
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Assertion (A) : Tamil Nadu gets most of the rainfall in winter.
Reason (R) : Tamil Nadu gets rainfall from retreating monsoons.
Answer: A
Rainfall in Tamil Nadu is caused by the retreating monsoons which occur in winter.
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Assertion (A) : Graphite is slippery and used as a lubricant.
Reason (R) : Graphite has free electrons.
Answer: B
Graphite possesses a layer structure with two successive layers held by weak force and able to slide over one another.
So, graphite is slippery and this property finds its use as a lubricant.
In graphite, each carbon atom is linked to three other carbon atoms while one electron in the carbon atom is delocalised.
So, graphite has free electrons.
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Assertion (A) : In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive.
Reason (R) : Judiciary favours the government and helps in the implementation of its plans.
Answer: C
In India, the judiciary is completely independent of the executive.
It has no interference in the affairs of the state nor can it be influenced by the government.
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Assertion (A) : An iron ball floats on mercury but gets immersed in water.
Reason (R) : The specific gravity of iron is more than that of mercury.
Answer: C
Iron with specific gravity less than that of mercury but more than that of water, floats in the former but gets immersed in the second.
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Assertion (A) : Copper is used to make electric wires.
Reason (R) : Copper has very low electrical resistance.
Answer: A
A low electrical resistance of copper makes it a good electric conductor.
So, it is used to make electric wires.
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Assertion (A) : Uranium undergoes nuclear fusion reaction.
Reason (R) : It has a big, unstable nucleus.
Answer: D
Having a big, unstable nucleus, uranium undergoes nuclear fission reaction.
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Assertion (A) : A little gap is left between iron rails.
Reason (R) : Iron expands in summer.
Answer: A
Iron expands in summer.
So, gaps are left between rails to allow for expansion.
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